Hi.
嗨。
I'm Rebecca from engVid.
我是engVid的瑞贝卡。
Back with another vocabulary hack.
我们来看看另一个背单词的hack。
So, what's a hack anyway?
所以，hack的意思是什么呢？
A hack is a shortcut, a way for you to learn or do anything faster and more effectively.
Hack的意思是捷径，一个能让你学习或者做其他事情更快更有效率。
Okay?
明白？
So in this vocabulary hack lesson you're going to learn not one word at a time, but you're going to learn a principle that will allow you to learn hundreds of words.
所以在本次的背单词小窍门的课程，你会一次学不只一个单词，但是你得先学习个规律，这样才能让你一次背上百个单词。
Does that sound good?
这个听起来是不是很棒？
I think so.
我觉得挺好的。
Because when you're learning a new language, the more vocabulary you learn, the more advanced you get.
英文当你在学一门新语言的时候，你掌握的词汇量越多，你进步得越快。
Right?
是不是这样？
So, especially if you're going to appear for the IELTS or the TOEFL exam, this is a great lesson for you.
所以，尤其是当你想考雅思六合托福考试的时候，这个课程就是为你准备的。
And also if you just want to improve in your career, and at work, and write better letters to your clients and your boss, and so on, and be more impressive, this is a way to do that.
然后如果你想在你的生活，工作，包括给客户和老板写信等方面提高能力，更使人印象深刻的话，背单词确实是一个好办法。
Okay?
好吧？
Let's learn how.
那我们现在开始学习。
So, one of the keys to expanding your vocabulary is to use something called prefixes or suffixes.
所以，扩充词汇量的办法学习单词的前缀和后缀。
Now, a prefix is a group of letters that you add to the beginning of a word.
现在，前缀是一组放在一个单词前面的一组字母。
A suffix is a group of letters that you add to the end of a word.
后缀是一组放在一个单词后面的一组字母。
In this vocabulary lesson we're going to focus on suffixes that you add to a verb and to a noun.
这堂单词课我们将学习能加在动词和名词的后缀。
Now, these suffixes are related so that once you make the verb you can also make the noun, and so you get. . .
现在，这些后缀都是有联系的，所以一旦你能创造一个动词，你也能联想一个名词，那你也能。。。。。。
From one word you're going to get three words.
从一个单词中你可以得到三个单词。
And there are hundreds of words like this for which I will show you where you can get a resource so you can really expand your vocabulary.
像这样的单词有很多，我会告诉你哪里能找到这种单词，所以你就能真的扩充你的词汇量了。
Okay?
好吧?
So, let me show you how it's done.
所以，让我来告诉你是怎么操作的。
The suffix that we add to the verb is "-ize" in American English, or "-ise" in Britain English.
我们加的动词后缀美式英语的是“-ize”，英式英语的动词后缀是“-ise”。
And to make a noun we add "-ization" in American English or "-isation" in British English.
美式英语的名字后缀是"-ization"，英式英语的名词后缀是"-isation"。
Okay?
好吧？
You'll understand exactly what that means in a second.
你很快就会明白的。
So, what does it mean when we take a word which could be a noun, it could be an adjective, and we add this suffix?
所以，当我们看到一个单词时，它可能是名词，也可能是个形容词，那我们加上这个后缀的话？
What happens?
发生了什么？
What does it mean?
这个是什么意思？
It means that you're going to make or cause something to be.
这就表示你要做某事了。
For example, if you want to make something more final. . .
比如，如果你想更确定某事。。。。。。
Okay?
好吧？
You have reservations, you want to make them more final, so we say if we want to use the verb, we want to finalize them.
你有个预约，你还想确认一下，所以我们要用这个动词，我们要finalize（最终确定）事情。
Okay?
好吧？
See?
看？
We make the verb with the suffix.
我们用这个后缀来制造一个动词。
Or if you want to use the noun: the finalization of my reservations.
或者如果你想用名词：the finalization of my reservations（预约最终确认。）
Okay?
好吧？
So you add another verb and you add another noun just from one adjective, so you've got three words instead of just one word.
所以你在一个形容词后面加一个动词后缀或名词后缀，那你一次性就学习了三个，而不是一个单词。
If you're using the noun. . .
如果你用的是名词。。。。。。
So, what does the noun do?
名字的作用是什么？
When we add "-ization" or "-isation", we're basically talking about the act, or process, or the result of making something a certain way.
当我么在一个词的后面加上 "-ization" 或者 "-isation"，我们基本上在谈论的是一个动作，步骤，或者确定某事的结果。
For example, let's take an example from the academic world.
比如，我们从学术方面举个例子。
Okay?
好吧？
Lots of times you have to put something into your memory.
很多时候你都要去记一些东西。
Right?
好吧？
Whether it's a formula, or a poem, or a quotation, or something.
不管是个公式，一首诗，一个方程，或者别的什么的。
So, what's the verb for that?
那么，这个词的动词形式是什么？
We add "-ize", let's say: "memorize", and what's the noun for that?
我们加一个“-ize”的后缀，我们说："memorize"， 那么名词形式是什么呢？
"Memorization", okay?
"Memorization", 对吧？
Now, there's a little rhythm to this and we're going to practice that so that it comes to you really easily.
那么，这里面有些许规律，我们得进行练习，才能让你真正轻松掌握。
Let's look at something from the business world.
我们来看看一些关于商务的词汇。
What do people in business want to do?
从事商务的人们想要什么？
They want to make as much money as possible, so let's say you had the word "maximum" and you want to make it into a verb, you add the "-ize", so you say: "I want to maximize my profits", or: "Our focus is on the maximization of our profits." Okay?
他们想要尽可能赚更多的钱。我们假设你有了一个单词 "maximum"，然后你想把这个词变成动词，那就在后面加个"-ize"，那你就会说："I want to maximize my profits"（我要最大化我的利益），或者： "Our focus is on the maximization of our profits."（我们注意我们的利益的最大化）
Or: "Minimize our cost", "Minimization of our costs", okay?
或者是："Minimize our cost"（最小化我们的成本）， "Minimization of our costs"（成本最小化）好吧？
Now, even if you weren't familiar with these words before you can see how you can use them and how easily you can form them, and this pattern applies not only to these three words, but as I said, to hundreds of words, and I'm going to show you a few more examples right now.
好，就算你还不熟悉这些单词，你都不知道怎么使用这些单词，但是你还是能够轻而易举地造出了单词，这个规律不仅仅适用于这三个单词，还适用于上百个单词，我给你们再举一些例子。
Okay, are you ready?
你们准备好了吗？
We're going to take now one word and turn it into three words, all right?
我们拿一个单词，然后把它变成三个。开始吧？
So, the word: "western", make it into a verb, "western", "westernize", "westernization".
那么“western”这个词，变成动词，"westernize", "westernization"。
Got it?
明白了吗？
This is what we're going to do with all of these words.
就这样处理这类单词。
All right?
可以了吗？
Also,
还有，
I want you to do it because I want you to hear the patterns, hear the repetition in your own voice.
我给了你们规则，你们自己试试，然后自己读出来。
Okay?
好吧？
Here we go.
那我们开始。
"Western", "westernize", "westernization".
"Western", "westernize", "westernization".
"Global", "globalize", "globalization".
"Global", "globalize", "globalization".
Good.
很好。
Say it with me.
坚持下去，保持住。
Okay?
好吧？
Because you know what to do.
因为你知道该怎么做。
Good.
好的。
"Democratic", this word is a little bit long but you can do it: "democratize", "democratization".
"Democratic"。这个词有点儿长，不过你能成的： "democratize", "democratization".
Good.
好的。
Now, I imagine if you wrote that word in an essay-right? -in an IELTS essay, of course, it's very impressive. Okay. Money, how do we make that into a verb?
那我觉得如果你把这个词写在论文里？写在雅思的作文里，那当然就很出彩了。好，下一个 Money，这个词怎么变成动词？
"Money", "monetize", "monetization".
"Money", "monetize", "monetization".
Good.
好的。
"Normal", "normalize", "normalization".
正常的，正常化，正常。
"Hospital", "hospitalize", "hospitalization".
医院，住院，医院收容。
"Legal", "to make legal", "legalize", "legalization".
合法，使合法，合法化，合法.
"Criminal", "criminalize", "criminalization".
犯罪的，宣布犯罪，形式定罪。
And: "visual", "visualize", "visualization".
还有看得见的，可见，可见性。
Okay?
好吧？
You see, there's a pattern.
你看，这就规律。
And once you get comfortable with the pattern it's not hard anymore.
并且一旦你开始习惯了这种方式，就不是很难了。
Okay?
怎么样？
Now, let's see how you can use these words as part of phrases.
那么，我们看看这些词在词组中的表现。
Okay?
好吧？
Now we're going a little bit further so that you can really start using them, because you're not just going to walk around saying these words, you're going to use them as part of sentences, either while speaking or writing.
我们其实已经学得很多了，所以你已经可以开始使用这些词和规律了，因为你不能就光说这词吧。你得把这些词用在句子里，口语或者是写作。
All right?
好吧？
So, let's use the verb here.
那么我们来用一下这些动词。
Okay?
好吧？
"To westernize a society", "To globalize the economy", "To democratize the country", money: "Monetize a website", normal: "Normalize the situation", "Hospital": "Hospitalize a patient", "Legal": "Legalize marijuana", or: "Criminal": "Criminalize marijuana", "Visual": "Visualize your goals".
西化社会，使经济全球化，让国家民主化。网站收费，让情况常态化，收留病人，使大麻合法化。或者，将大麻定为犯罪。让你目标具象化。
Okay?
好吧？
So these are examples of some phrases.
这些就是一些短语的例子。
And you can do that, too, when you go to the resource and you pull out some words which you really like and which you'd like to start using yourself, do that.
你也能这么用。你从我给的资源中挑一些你喜欢的词，然后开始使用这些词。
First get the pattern of the words, then use them in phrases, then use them in sentences, and then they will flow more easily from you.
第一，先用造词规律，然后把这些词用在短语中，然后用在句子里，就越用越熟练了。
And as you can see, these words cover all kinds of subject areas.
向你看见的，这些单词包含很多方面。
Right?
是吧？
Sociology, economics, politics, business, health, the law, personal life.
社会学，经济学，政治，商务，健康，法律，个人生活等等。
All right?
好吧？
So I think that you will find that this little trick will help you to expand your vocabulary really quickly and nicely.
所以我认为你会发现这个小窍门会让你快速且有效地扩充词汇量。
Okay.
好的。
So, what you could do if you really want to have some fun is take the word "optimum", which means the very best.
那么，“optimum”这个词，意思是最好的，如果你想从这个词上造些新的词，
What's the verb here?
动词形式是什么呢？
"Optimize", and maybe write a sentence in the comments using this word.
“优化”，或者你可以在评论区用这个词造个句。
For example, you could say: "I would like to optimize my grades", or "optimize my English", or "optimize my income" or whatever it is that you want to optimize in your own life.
比如，你可以说，我想提高我的成绩。或者提高我的英语水平，或者增加我的收入，或者任何你想在你的生活中改善或者增进的事情。
Right?
行吧。
I'd love to hear.
我非常希望听到，
I'd love to read your comments.
我非常喜欢你们的评论。
Okay?
好吧？
Now, remember what you can do to practice this event more, go to our website at engVid, www. engvid. com and do a quiz on this.
记住，你能做的就多多练习，访问我们的网站，www.engvid.com，然后做个测试。
While you're there, don't forget to download the resource — it's free — it's for you with hundreds of words that follow the same pattern.
在登录网站的同时，别忘了下载资源-是免费的-有上百个单词可以用这个规则去练习。
Okay?
好吧？
So don't forget the link is in the description so you can go there really easily.
所以别忘了推荐区中的链接，你可以进行快速访问。
Okay?
知道了吧？
And subscribe to my YouTube channel so you can get more lessons with vocabulary hacks, grammar hacks, and all kinds of other ways to help you learn English more quickly and effectively.
别忘了订阅我油管的频道，你还能看到更多关于背单词的窍门，语法窍门和其他能帮助你快速有效地提高水平的课程。
All right?
知道了吧？
Thanks very much for watching.
谢谢观看。
Bye for now.
这次就拜拜啦。
Good luck with your English.
希望你的英语能有进步。
